Biology II AP Objectives

Links:

Topics:

3. Chemistry of Life
   • Cellular processes are based on physical and chemical changes
   • How do the unique chemical and physical properties of water make life on earth possible?
   1. Basic chemistry review
      1. Describe structure of the atom
      2. List and explain types of bonding; ionic, covalent, hydrogen, Van der Waals
   2. Describe what an ion is
      1. Describe the major groups of polyatomic and diatomic ions
      2. Describe and list major types of organic and inorganic functional groups and their characteristics
   3. Describe what an isotope is
      1. Describe the three main biological uses of isotopes
      2. Describe what radioactive decay is
   4. Describe the types of reactions - condensation (synthesis) and dehydration (decomposition)
   5. List the unique chemical and physical properties of water
      1. Describe the structure of water and its polar nature
      2. Explain how the polarity of water results in its unique characteristics
         1. high heat of vaporization, high heat capacity, capillary action, solvent capabilities, etc.
         2. ice is less dense, moderation of climate, found in nature in all three states of matter, etc.
   6. Describe what pH is, including discussion of acids and bases

Time Range:
8 days

Suggested Teaching Strategies:

• Students will read and take their own notes on the chapter (maybe in outline form).
• Science as a Process: Lecture on historical development of chemistry and atomic structure.
• Lecture and demonstration on basic chemistry structure of the atom, terms related to atom, the elements important for life and types of chemical bonds.
• Lecture and explain the uses of ions, functional groups, isotopes and radioactive decay.
• Lecture on water's physical and chemical properties.
• Lecture and description of what an acid is, what a base is, and what the pH scale is.
• Students take notes on lecture (maybe in outline form).
• Students will fill out cross word puzzle that uses terms from the chapter.
• Students will fill out chapter study guide to complement their lecture and board notes.
• Students will do worksheets on basic atomic structure.
• Students will develop chart to better understand the functional groups and the chemical properties they have.
• Critical Thinking: In small groups students will develop a concept map that relates the how the chemical properties of water are related to the breaking and formation of hydrogen bonds.
• Critical Thinking: Students will use computer and do activity 2.0 thru 2.5 on Functional Groups and activity 4.0 thru 4.1 on Isomers on CD-ROM from "Campbell's Biology."
• Critical Thinking: Students will use computer and do activity 3.1 thru 3.3 on Water and pH on CD-ROM from "Campbell's Biology."

Aligned Resources:

• Lab: Functional Group Properties
• Lab: Radioactive Decay
• Computers and CD-ROM
• Crossword puzzle and study guide over unit three
• Examples of concept maps
• Transparencies of water properties
• Labs and materials

Assessment:

• Grade on reading quiz
• Grade on presentation
• Grade on study guide
• Grade on water chart
• Grade on crossword
• Grade for lab write-ups
• Grade on unit test

Revision Date:
November 2001